Phenolic Acid Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Whole and Defatted Seeds of Italian Hemp Cultivars: A Two-Year Case Study

The study investigated the nutritional profile and nutraceutical composition of seeds (whole defatted) two monoecious hemp cultivars (Carmaleonte, Codimono) one dioecious cultivar (CS) grown during 2018 2019 crop seasons. phenolic acid profiles, both free bound, antioxidant activity (AA), protein content (PC), total (TPC), β-carotene, lutein content, condensed tannins (CT) were studied, effects genotype (G), year (Y), GxY interaction also measured. results indicated stronger involvement in properties whole than those defatted seeds, as by analysis variance. PC, TPC, AA, sum phenolics (SPF), bound (SPB) significantly affected year, while some acids, (ferulic p-coumaric acids N-trans-caffeoyltyramine), showed significant genotype. In this respect, Carmaleonte revealed highest ferulic well CS N-trans-caffeoyltyramine. A prevalence Y effect over G was measured fraction contrast to which Moreover, Pearson’s correlation coefficients a strict precipitations variation accumulation, above all with p-hydroxybenzoic (r = 0.71 **), syringic 0.69 *), N-trans-caffeoyltyramine 0.64 SPB 0.60 *). As fractions have strong biological activities, (including anti-inflammatory activities) high concentrations N-trans-Caffeoyltyramine B suggest that it is valuable ingredient for functional foods.